Madhara ya mapenzi ya jinsia moja

Madhara ya mapenzi ya jinsia moja

Licha ya Vitabu vya Dini kupinga swala hili, pia kuna madhara mengi kiafya kwa watu wanaojihusisha na mapenzi ya jinsia moja.Katika makala hii nmekuchambulia baadhi ya Madhara ya mapenzi ya jinsia moja, kutokana na tafiti mbali mbali. Soma hapa..!!!

Madhara ya mapenzi ya jinsia moja; 

– Kuwa kwenye hatari kubwa Zaidi ya kupata maambukizi ya Virusi vya Ukimwi(VVU),

kwa Mujibu wa jarida la “The Gay Lesbian Medical Association (GLMA)”  haya hapa ni baadhi ya Madhara ya mapenzi ya jinsia moja;

1. Kuwa kwenye Hatari kubwa ya kupata maambukizi ya Virusi vya Ukimwi(higher rates of HIV/AIDS)
2. Kuingia kwenye matumizi mabaya ya dawa za kulevyia(substance abuse), matumizi ya Pombe,Tumbaku n.k
3. Kuwa na tatizo la Msongo wa mawazo,huzuni na wasiwasi(depression/anxiety),
4. Kupata maambukizi ya virusi vinavyosababisha homa ya Ini(hepatitis),
5. Kuwa kwenye hatari kubwa zaidi ya Kupata magonjwa ya zinaa(sexually transmitted illnesses) ikiwemo; anal papilloma au virusi vya Human papilloma(HPV), Kisonono,kaswende, chlamydia n.k,
6. Kuwa kwenye hatari kubwa ya kupata baadhi ya Saratani(certain cancers),
7. Kupata tatizo la kula(eating disorders)
8. Wengine kuongezeka Zaidi Uzito(overweight/Obesity) n.k

– Kupunguza Umri wa Kuishi(REDUCED LIFE EXPECTANCY)

Daktari mmoja anayejulikana kwa jina la Dr. J. Satinover aliandika chapisho lake akielezea Madhara ya mapenzi ya jinsia moja, hapa alisema;

” homosexuals lose twenty-five to thirty years of their lifespan”. 

akiwa na maana; “mashoga au watu wanaojihusisha na mapenzi ya jinsia moja hupoteza miaka ishirini na tano hadi thelathini ya maisha yao”.

Na sababu zingine zikitajwa kwa kiasi kikubwa kwenye kupunguza Umri wa Kuishi kwa Watu wanaojihusisha na mapenzi ya Jinsia moja,Sababu hizo ni pamoja na;

1. Kupata magonjwa ya zinaa kwa kiwango kikubwa ikiwemo; ugonjwa wa kisonono,kaswende, chlamydia, herpes, au maambukizi ya Virusi vya Ukimwi(HIV/AIDS) n.k
2.  Kupata maambukizi kwenye utumbo,tumbo pamoja na magonjwa mengine(enteric infections and disease),
3. Kupata Saratani mbali mbali
4. Kujiingiza kwenye ulevyi wa kupindukia ikiwemo pamoja na matumizi ya dawa za kulevyia
5. Kujiua au kujitoa mhanga(suicide)
6. Pamoja na Sababu zingine nyingi…!!!

– Kuwa kwenye hatari kubwa Zaidi ya Kupata magonjwa ya Zinaa(SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS/DISEASES (STIs or STDs)

Kwa mujibu wa takwimu zilizowasilishwa Mwaka 2010 kwenye vituo vya kudhibiti na Kuzuia magonjwa vya nchini Marekani CDC(U.S. Center for Disease Control and Prevention’s 2010) National STD Prevention Conference,zilionyesha;

kiwango cha maambukizi mapya ya VVU miongoni mwa wanaume wanaofanya mapenzi na wanaume (MSM) kilikuwa zaidi ya mara 44 ya wanaume wengine na zaidi ya mara 40 ya wanawake.

Pia CDC ilitoa tahadhari kwenye Taarifa yake juu ya maambukizi ya Virusi vinavyosababisha ugonjwa wa homa ya Ini(Viral Hepatitis Scientific Information),

Taarifa hiyo inasema; Wanaume wanaofanya mapenzi na wanaume (MSM) wako kwenye hatari kubwa ya kupata magonjwa ya zinaa (STDs) ikiwemo;

• Maambukizi ya Hepatitis A, Hepatitis B,
• Virusi vya Ukimwi(HIV/AIDS),
• Ugonjwa wa kaswende
• Ugonjwa wa Kisonono
• Pamoja na Chlamydia . . .

Na Takriban asilimia 15% -25% ya maambukizi yote mapya ya Virusi vya Hepatitis B (HBV) nchini Marekani ni miongoni mwa Wanaume wanaofanya mapenzi na wanaume (MSM).

Utafiti mwingine wa Mwaka 2000 kwenye jarida la “the journal Sexually Transmitted Infections” ulionyesha; 

wanawake wanaofanya ngono na wanawake (WSW) walikuwa na viwango vya juu vya kupata maambukizi ya bakteria Ukeni(bacterial vaginosis), kupata maambukizi ya hepatitis C, na kuwa kwenye hatari Zaidi ya kupata VVU.

– Kupata Saratani mbali mbali(CANCERS)

Utafiti mmoja ambao ulifanyika mnamo mwaka 2011 na kuandikwa kwenye jarida la “the journal Cancer” ;

Uliigundua wanaume mashoga walikuwa na uwezekano mara 1.9 wa kuripoti saratani kuliko wanaume wanaojihusisha na mapenzi ya jinsia tofauti.

*katika jarida la “The Gay & Lesbian Medical Association (GLMA)” lilisema;

“Wasagaji wapo kwenye hatari kubwa Zaidi ya kupata saratani ya matiti kuliko kundi lingine lolote la wanawake ulimwenguni.” Na “Wasagaji wana hatari kubwa zaidi ya kupata saratani nyingi za kwenye mfumo wa uzazi(gynecologic cancers).

Pia jarida la GLMA lilitoa tahadhari juu ya; Wanaume mashoga wanaweza kuwa katika hatari ya kifo kutokana na saratani ya tezi dume, korodani au Utumbo mpana(colon cancer).”

Pia inabainisha, “. . . viwango vya kuongezeka kwa saratani ya njia ya haja kubwa(anal cancer) kwa wanaume mashoga.

– Tatizo la Afya ya Akili(MENTAL HEALTH)

Kulingana na utafiti mmoja uliofanywa na “The Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence Study (NEMESIS)” ulionyesha;

Watu wanaojihusisha na mapenzi ya Jinsia moja wapo kwenye hatari kubwa Zaidi ya kupata matatizo ya afya ya akili “psychiatric disorders.” ikiwemo;

1. Tatizo la Mood disorders,
2. Tatizo la Wasiwasi(anxiety disorder),
3. Kuwa na tatizo zaidi ya moja linalohusu afya ya akili(having more than one psychiatric diagnosis),
4. Pamoja na tatizo la afya ya akili kutokana na matumizi mabaya ya dawa za kulevyia.

* Na kwa mujibu wa utafiti wa mwaka 1999 kwenye“New Zealand Study” ulionyesha;

mashoga, wasagaji, na vijana wenye jinsia mbili walikuwa katika hatari kubwa zaidi ya;

1. kujitoa mhanda au kuwa na mawazo ya kujiua,
2. Kupata tatizo la Huzuni,msongo wa mawazo,au unyogovu mkubwa,
3. ugonjwa wa wasiwasi yaani generalized anxiety disorder
4. Utegemezi wa tumbaku,
5. na matatizo mengine mengi ikilinganishwa na sample ndogo ya watu wa jinsia tofauti.

SOURCES:

1. Center for Disease Control and Prevention press release: “CDC Analysis Provides New Look at Disproportionate Impact of HIV and Syphilis Among U.S. Gay and Bisexual Men,” 2010. http://www.cdc.gov/nchhstp/newsroom/msmpressrelease.html.
2. Smith, T. American Sexual Behavior: Trends, Socio-Demographic Differences, and Risk Behavior. National Opinion Research Center, University of Chicago. 2006. http://www.norc.org/NR/rdonlyres/2663F09F-2E74-436E-AC81- 6FFBF288E183/0/AmericanSexualBehavior2006.pdf (pp. 57).
3.  Chandra A, et al. Sexual behavior, sexual attraction, and sexual identity in the United States: Data from the 2006–2008 National Survey of Family Growth. National health statistics reports; no 36. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics. 2011. (pp. 29, 30).
4. Byne, W. & Parsons, B. (1993), “Human sexual orientation: the biologic theories reappraised.” Archives of General Psychiatry, 50, p. 229-239.
5.  Friedman, R.C. and Downey, J.I., 2002, Sexual Orientation and Pscyhoanalysis: Sexual Science and Clinical Practice, New York: Columbia University Press, p. 39.
6. Collins, F. S. (2006). The language of god, a scientist presents evidence for belief. (New York: Free Press) p. 257-263.
7. http://www.apa.org/topics/sexuality/orientation.aspx.
8. Jay, K., Young, A., The Gay Report (New York: Summit Books, 1979)
9. Klein, H. “Felching Among Men Who Engage in Barebacking (Unprotected Anal Sex).” Arch Sex Behav. 2011 May 14. [Epub ahead of print].
10. http://glma.org/index.cfm?fuseaction=Page.viewPage&pageID=690 and http://www.glma.org/index.cfm?fuseaction=Page.viewPage&pageID=691.
11. Satinover, J. Homosexuality and the Politics of Truth. (Baker, 1998) pp. 51, 68-69.
12. Hogg, Robert S. et al. “Modeling the Impact of HIV Disease on Mortality in Gay and Bisexual Men.” International Journal of Epidemiology. 26. 1997. 657.
13. Center for Disease Control and Prevention press release: “CDC Analysis Provides New Look at Disproportionate Impact of HIV and Syphilis Among U.S. Gay and Bisexual Men,” http://www.cdc.gov/nchhstp/newsroom/msmpressrelease.html.
14. Torassa, U. Some with HIV aren’t disclosing before sex: UCSF researcher’s 1,397- person study presented during AIDS conference. San Francisco Examiner. July 15, 2000.
15. http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/Populations/msm.htm.
16. Wolitski, RJ, et al. “Sexual health, HIV, and sexually transmitted infections among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men in the United States.” AIDS Behav. 2011 Apr;15 Suppl 1:S9-17.